Herpes Simplex Virus
What is HSV?
HSV is a common viral infection that causes sores and blisters, most often around the mouth (oral herpes) or on the genitals (genital herpes). The virus is known for being able to stay dormant in nerve cells and reactivate from time to time, causing a recurrent outbreak.
There are two main types of HSV:
- HSV-1: This is the most common cause of oral herpes, or “cold sores.” It’s often acquired during childhood through non-sexual contact, like sharing utensils or kissing. However, HSV-1 can also cause genital herpes through oral sex.
- HSV-2: This is the primary cause of genital herpes, which is a sexually transmitted infection (STI).
How is HSV Transmitted?
The virus is transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. It can be passed on even when there are no visible sores, a process known as asymptomatic shedding.
- Oral herpes (HSV-1) is spread through kissing or sharing items like razors or lip gloss.
- Genital herpes (HSV-1 or HSV-2) is spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
It is important to remember that HSV is not spread through casual contact, such as from toilet seats, towels, or swimming pools.
HSV Awareness and Prevention
Here are key facts to keep in mind for awareness and prevention:
- Herpes is very common. According to the World Health Organization, billions of people worldwide have HSV-1, and millions have HSV-2.
- Many people don’t know they have it. Most people with HSV don’t have any symptoms or have very mild ones they might mistake for something else.
- Open communication is key. If you have herpes, it’s important to talk to your partner(s) about it. This allows both of you to make informed decisions and take precautions.
- Use protection. Using condoms correctly and consistently can help reduce the risk of transmission. However, condoms may not cover all areas where the virus is present.
- Antiviral medication. Daily antiviral medication can help suppress the virus, reducing the frequency of outbreaks and lowering the chance of transmitting it to a partner.
- Avoid contact during outbreaks. Refrain from sexual activity when you or your partner have an active outbreak with visible sores, as this is when the virus is most contagious.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a replacement for professional medical guidance. Please consult with a medical professional, such as those at Rajavarma Siddha Hospital, for personalized advice.
